Definition: Acute accumulation of fluid in the lungs due to heart failure
Key signs and symptoms:
– Severe shortness of breath, especially when lying flat
– Cough producing pink, frothy sputum
– Rapid, labored breathing
– Crackles (rales) on lung auscultation
– Restlessness, anxiety, confusion
Immediate nursing actions:
– Sit patient upright (high Fowler’s position)
– Administer oxygen therapy immediately
– Keep airway clear, suction if needed
– Give diuretics as prescribed (e.g., furosemide)
– Limit fluid intake if possible
– Call EMS urgently
